Object Oriented Design

In object oriented programming, we may want our object to get initialized with some specific properties, or we may need to do some operations every time an object is instantiated. To do such things, we use constructors. In simple words, a constructor is defined inside the class that contains the code to instantiate the object of a class in java.

Operator overloading is a compile time polymorphism that allows us to extend the meaning of an operator to operate on a user-defined data type. The main advantage of operator overloading is that we can have different implementations of an operator based on the argument type. Here we will learn how to implement and overload various operators.

Inheritance is one of the core principles of object oriented programming (OOP), which helps us derive a class from another class or a hierarchy of classes that share a set of attributes and methods. It is a relationship between a superclass (parent class) and a subclass (child class), where subclass inherits data and behavior from superclass.

Abstraction is a process of exposing necessary functionality to external objects and hiding implementation details. This helps programmers to use complex logic without understanding its implementation. So one needs to know what code does, not how it does it. There are two types of abstraction in oop: data abstraction and control abstraction.

In OOPS, Encapsulation is one of the basic concepts that bundles data and methods into a single block called class. It is a pathway for restricting direct access to some data and methods (which leads to data hiding). In other words: Encapsulation is about wrapping data and methods into a single class and protecting it from outside intervention.

Learning oops is essential for modern software development as it introduces features like inheritance, encapsulation, abstraction, and polymorphism. Besides reducing code complexity, oops provide advantages like modularity, reusability, extensibility, data hiding, etc. This blog has covered a fundamental overview of oops concepts in java.